Dictionary definitions of “retail” and “retailing” emphasize the activity of selling in small quantities. Challenges such a concept of retailing as a description of both the commercial activity and the academic topic which the word now represents. Investigates the historical evolution of...

Considers the implementation of the customer care campaign within Asda, as a response to the results of a MORI survey of Asda staff and customers. The staff training programme took place between 1985 and 1987 with the stated aim of providing enjoyable and convenient shopping for customers. The...

The way we think about retail location is dominated by the idea that the primary role of the retail store or the retail centre is to attract the shopper to the location. An alternative paradigm exists of taking retailing to where there are people either at home or in crowds and this is likely to...

The marketing of own brands is a feature of modern multiple retailing. Retailers can create brand image by advertising their own products or creating brand equity in their own stores and transferring such imagery to their physical products. The costs of branding to the retailer are approximately...