The Euro will be introduced gradually from 1999 to 2002. On 1 January 1999 the rates of conversion between the Euro and the Participating national currencies will be irrevocable fixed and the Euro will become a currency in its one right. At this date enterprises can begin operating in Euro. On...

The Maastricht Treaty provided the blueprint for achieving Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) as a further stage in the process of political and economic integration of the European Union (EU). In order to qualify to participate in EMU, Member States were required to achieve a high degree of...

Article 106 (ex 105 a) of the Treaty establishing the European Community maintains the historical tradition separating the issue of banknotes, for which the Central Bank is competent, and the issue of coins, which is the responsibility of the finance ministries. It is therefore for the European...

This report has been prepared to meet the Commission's commitment to carry out, before the end of 1998, an initial evaluation of the implementation of its Recommendation 98/286/EC on banking charges for conversion to the Euro. The report sets out, as a basis for consultation, the information...

This is the report to the European Commission of an expert group whose terms of reference are to consider whether banks are entitled to charge for conversion to the euro, whether they intend to do so, whether any new rules are necessary at EU level and how to ensure the transparency of any...

As from 1.1.1999 the currency of the participating Member States shall be the Euro". This sentence will be one of the core provisions of the monetary law of the monetary law of the Member States which will have adopted the Euro at the beginning of the third stage of Economic and Monetary Union....

Economic and Monetary Union is a further step in the ongoing process of European economic integration. In this respect, it is also part of the wider integration in the global economy. EMU will enable the European Union to meet the challanges of globalisation.

While underlining the advantages of the euro for European businesses in general, the Group identified two main types of constraint of particular concern for small businesses. The greatest difficulties relate to the accounting consequences of the shift to the euro. The second kind of constraint...

The studies and analyses commissioned focused more particularly on three requirements of the changeover to the euro: the building of confidence in the new currency (on account of the transfer of sovereignty, the disappearance and replacement of national currencies, fears associated with...

The introduction of the Euro is a very ambitious change in the monetary environment of some of the largest and richest industrial economies, one that is unlike any other currency reforms.