Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), based on regional and multicultural cooperation, has focused on the …. Since February 1992 ECO has been expanded to ten as the result of collapse of the Soviet Union. Of course, gas and oil are … very important factors in this regard. ECO has followed its two major plans in the context of “Action Plan” and "Istanbul …

Russia and China are assumed to challenge democratization and to promote autocracy. In a first step, we analyze Central … Asia as the most-likely case, considering both Russia and China as relevant external actors. We develop a concept for our … analysis based on the different strategies of Russia (dominance) and China (doing-business) towards the region and present the …

Russia and China are assumed to challenge democratization and to promote autocracy. In a first step, we analyze Central … Asia as the most-likely case, considering both Russia and China as relevant external actors. We develop a concept for our … analysis based on the different strategies of Russia (dominance) and China (doing-business) towards the region and present the …

consolidation of China`s position and prestige in Central Asia and worldwide. This includes the recent launch of a strategic project …

panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned …

panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries’ trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned …

panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned …

panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned …