The economic and financial development are examined in Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen, representing the Middle East and North Africa region. Lengthy bureaucratic procedures, unclear...

This paper focuses on simple normative rules for monetary policy that central banks can use to guide their interest rate decisions. Such rules were first derived from research on empirical monetary models with rational expectations and sticky prices built in the 1970s and 1980s. During the past...

The purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the models used in New Monetarist Economics, which is our label for a body of recent work on money, banking, payments systems, asset markets, and related topics. A key principle in New Monetarism is that solid microfoundations are critical for...

Bureaucracy, unclear regulations, corruption, and favoritism of nationals in employment, create adverse conditions for both domestic and foreign investment in the Middle East and North Africa region. Entrepreneurs who want to operate in the region have to consider the level of restrictiveness in...

This paper discusses the velocities of escaped savings and financial liquidity, as well as the minimum mixed savings. This means that examined the behavior of the money cycle under normal conditions, due to the velocity of mixed savings at their lower level and the velocity of financial...

This paper examines the utility of the money cycle with and without mixed savings. This means that examined the critical points of tax and public policy that are the best for increasing consumption and investment, subject to the presence of mixed savings and the absence of mixed savings. As a...

Purpose This paper explores the evidence of a long-run co-movement between aggregate unemployment insurance spending and the labor force participation rate in the USA. The unemployment insurance (UI) program tends to expand during an economic downturn and contract during an expansion. UI may...

The application in Economics of methods and tools originally thought for other disciplines is not new. In this paper we show how the compartmental approach, typical of Biology, Medicine, Chemistry, etc., can be used as a tool to represent the heterogeneity of the agents and introduce it into the...

Modern aggregation theory and index number theory were introduced into monetary aggregation by Barnett (1980). The widely used Divisia monetary aggregates were based upon that paper. A key result upon which the rest of the theory depended was Barnett's derivation of the user-cost price of...

We extend the macroeconomic literature on -type rules by introducing infrequent information in a kinked adjustment-cost model. We first show that optimal individual decision rules are both state and time dependent. We then develop an aggregation framework to study the macroeconomic implications...