major issues in the context of falling system costs: cost-effectiveness, affordability, financing, environmental impact, and …

circulating matter and energy will diminish the need for new input. Its concept lies in maintaining the value of products …-products, human resources, logistics, services, waste, energy, or water. To that end, this Special Issue seeks to contribute to the …

circulating matter and energy will diminish the need for new input. Its concept lies in maintaining the value of products …-products, human resources, logistics, services, waste, energy, or water. To that end, this Special Issue seeks to contribute to the …

aspect of poverty is access to, and the affordability of, basic services like electricity,heat and water. This paper provides … both access and affordability between different localities in Ukraine. Social protection measures can help to alleviate … affordability constraints, but the analysis finds that social support is not well targeted. The currently low tariffs prevent an …

affordability implications of tariff adjustments is scarce. Much of the available information is based on the analysis of average … households. This paper takes a more detailed look at the affordability of electricity, district heating and water for low …-income consumers in transition countries. While the available data is incomplete, the paper finds that affordability is a problem for …

This study explores the ‘affordability’ of development targets in six key sectors (health, education, water and … has a particular focus on social protection in response to growing government and donor interest in the affordability of …

Through its multidimensionality, energy access actively contributes to the achievements of several Millennium … Development Goals (MDG) and especially MDG3 which aims at promoting gender equity and women empowerment. Lack of access to energy … multifunctional platform (MFP). MFPs are a set of equipment which provides energy services. The basic version of MFPs comprises a …