After defining biproportion (or RAS) rigorously, we recall two fundamental theorems: unicity of biproportion (any biproportional algorithm leads to the same solution than biproportion, which turns biproportion into a mathematical tool as indisputable than proportion), ineffectiveness of...

In the Supply-Use (or Make-Use) input-output models, “product-technology” (PT) or “fixed-industry-sales-structure” (FISS) assumptions are more widely adopted (SNA, Eurostat) for deriving symmetric input-output tables (SIOT) than “industry-technology” or...