The transition from traditional rate-of-return regulation to competition in generation in the electricity industry has been a bumpy one. While the outcome has been largely criticized, there is evidence that ratepayers in the majority of restructured states have in fact benefited, albeit less...

This study analyzes energy consumption by the US electric power by various energy sources through fractional integration. In doing so, we are able to determine the level of persistence of the shocks affecting each energy source. The results indicate long memory behavior as each energy source is...