We show that the Friedman rule is optimal in the standard transactions techology monetary model whether the alternative fiscal instrument is a consumption tax, an income tax, or both, and whether taxes are paid with money or not. These results are at odds with recent literature. We show that an...

When the zero lower bound on nominal interest rates binds, monetary policy cannot provide appropriate stimulus. We show that in the standard New Keynesian model, tax policy can deliver such stimulus at no cost and in a time-consistent manner. There is no need to use inefficient policies such as...

We show that short and long nominal interest rates are independent monetary policy instruments. The pegging of both helps solving the problem of multiplicity that arises when only short rates are used as the instrument of policy. A peg of the nominal returns on assets of different maturities is...

We derive principles of optimal short run monetary policy in a real business cycles model, with money and with monopolistic firms that set prices one period in advance. The only distortionary policy instruments are the nominal interest rates and the money supplies. In this environment it is...

This paper assesses the relevance of the exchange rate regime for stabilization policy. This regime question cannot be dealt with independently of other institutions, in particular how .fiscal policy is designed. We show that once .fiscal policy is taken into account, the exchange rate regime is...