The question of financing innovative small business is determinant in the current context. Giving the share that they represent in the market, they contribute to increase productivity of the economy. The problems of financing the SME’s are related to the almost intangible specificity of their...

Although there is a consensus concerning the need for public policy evaluation, there is no stable doctrine regarding the way such assessments should be carried out. Different models coexist or succeed one another; it is, for example, possible to schematically oppose a ballistic model of...

We adopt viability theory to assess the sustainability of the world’s forests while taking into account some of the competing economic, social, and environmental uses of these forests, namely, timber production, poverty alleviation through agriculture, and air quality as well as the negative...

This paper deals with inertia functions in control theory introduced in Aubin, Bernardo and Saint-Pierre (2004, 2005) and their adaptation to dynamical games. The inertia function associates with any initial state-control pair the smallest of the worst norms over time of the velocities of the...

We consider the probabilistic numerical scheme for fully nonlinear PDEs suggested in [12], and show that it can be introduced naturally as a combination of Monte Carlo and finite differences scheme without appealing to the theory of backward stochastic differential equations. Our first main...

The evolution of co-operations between firms has permitted a plentiful literature around the conception of the firm and its frontiers and has placed the specificity of competencies and innovation in the heart of the firm analysis. The evolution of the firm is observed according to the...

Since 2004, investigations and debates have been carried out on the French research and innovation system. Policy-makers have tried to break with the traditional ‘colbertist’ state- centered model, which put emphasis on interventionism and state involvement. This system that was successful...

Includes selected papers from the 9th International Symposium on Working Time, Paris (2004), looking at the increasing use of results-based employment relationships for managers and professionals, and the increasing fragmentation of time to more closely tailor staffing needs to customer...

Quelles sont les conséquences pour les travailleurs peu qualifiés et peu rémunérés des mutations économiques des vingt-cinq dernières années ? En France, la part des travailleurs à bas salaire est relativement faible, mais leurs conditions de travail sont particulièrement dures. Cette...

This paper addresses the issue of the positive observed relationship be- tween GDP and HIV prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa. We examine the role of the volatility of GDP per capita in lowering the incentives to invest in self-protection and, empirically, in the spread of the epidemic. Using a...