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Confronted with an ageing population, developed countries are facing the challenge of providing care to a growing number of disabled elderly people. Knowing how many they will be and, given the current pensions and welfare systems, how much it will cost to care for them is crucial to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010575229
This paper describes a methodology to estimate labor costs at the establishment level. This estimation is based on annual declarations of social data (DADS), which provide exhaustive data on gross wages paid by private and semi-public firms. The real cost of each job is estimated using the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010575230
A tax credit dedicated to sustainable development was first introduced in France in 2005 in order to encourage households to invest in energy conservation and to install renewable energy equipments. It was a big success: between 2005 and 2008 about one primary residence in sixteen was renovated...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010575231
If SMEs have below average mark-up ratios - gross operating profit over value added - it is because they are less capital intensive - less capital to be remunerated - and not because they are less profitable. On the contrary, their profitability appears higher both in terms of usual accounting...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008539938
We explore the patterns of localisation in the French manufacturing and service industries using the distance-based approach developed by Duranton and Overman (2005). The idea of this methodology is to consider the distribution of distances between pairs of plants in an industry and to compare...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008539939
Several tools are routinely used to predict or analyze the impact of employment policies: macroeconometric models, small-scale GE models, ex post evaluations based either on macroeconomic time series or on microeconomic data. We present here a new instrument whose methodology is intermediate...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008539940
Due to their early release, Business Tendency Surveys (BTS) are widely used in short term forecasting. Their questions are mainly qualitative; answers are most often used to calculate balances of opinions, which are defined as the difference between the proportions of positive answers with...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008539941
Business tendency surveys (BTS) carried out by the statistical institute INSEE are intensively used for the short-term forecasting of the French economic activity. In particular, the service BTS has been used together with the industry BTS for the short-term forecasting of GDP growth since...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008539942
In France, the business tendency surveys conducted in all the important sectors of the economy are key components in diagnosing the economic outlook. Over the years, INSEE has gradually introduced business climate indicators for each business sector. Such indicators summarise the data contained...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008539943
Do tariffs inhibit trade flows by limiting the entry of exporting firms (extensive margin') or by restricting the average volume exported by each firm (intensive margin')? Using a gravity equation approach, we analyze how the decrease in tariffs promoted during the 1990s by the Uruguay Round...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008539944