This paper investigates whether EU or national law provide legal authority to impose a direct or indirect obligation on Standard Essential Patent (“SEP”) holders to license at all levels of the value chain, including at component level (“license to all”, hereafter LTA). Extensive...

The proceedings of the XXIX FIDE Congress in The Hague in 2020 are published in four volumes. This book (Vol. 3) contains the reports of the General Rapporteurs (Nicolas Petit and Pieter Van Cleynenbreugel), the Institutional Rapporteur (Thomas Kramler) and the National Rapporteurs on Topic 3:...

The main objective of this article is to shed light on the compatibility of price discrimination with EC competition law. We offer an analytical framework which distinguishes between different categories of price discrimination depending on their effects on competition. Our framework suggests...