The duration of the postfledging dependence period (PFDP) is supposed to be modulated by the parent--offspring conflict: Offspring should extract the highest levels of parental investment, although parents may respond by setting fixed limits to the level of investment or by raising the costs of...

Natural catastrophes could damage island biodiversity and ecosystems, and their effects could become devastating if combined with human disturbances. In this study, we determined the effects of the tsunami occurred in Robinson Crusoe Island (Chile) on 27 February 2010 on an endangered...

The differential environmental sensitivity of the sexes has strong implications in the evolutionary history of species as it can alter sexual size dimorphism, population sex ratios, and the faculty of parents to manipulate offspring sex in relation to environmental conditions. We studied sexual...