This paper elaborates on the effects of a rise in energy costs for Dutch glasshouse horticultural producers. The effects on production, bilateral trade and consumption in 25 European countries plus Morocco, Turkey and the Rest of the World, are estimated using a version of the HORTUS partial...

The Common Market Organisation (CMO) for fruit and vegetable products is currently evaluated by the European Commission. The evaluation may lead to a reform of the CMO. One of the elements under debate is the production subsidy for processing tomatoes. The processing tomato sector is one of most...

In this paper we set out Jorda’s (2005) method of local projections by which nonlinear impulse responses can be computed without the need to specify and estimate the underlying nonlinear dynamic system. The method is used to compute price reaction functions that show how the prices of the...

This paper quantifies the impact of abolishing EU import barriers with respect to fruits and vegetables for sixteen fruits and vegetables. The estimations made are based on HORTUS, a supply and demand model for fruits and vegetables developed at LEI. HORTUS models the production, consumption and...

In twelve EU countries, the lower VAT-tariff is applied to flowers and plants in order to promote the production and employment in floriculture. This paper assesses whether the VAT-regulation for flowers and plants achieves the goals set – promoting consumer demand and production and...

Horticultural firms are dependent on energy to produce, while policy makers focus on reducing the use of energy and investment in energy-saving technologies. The paper aimed to asses Dutch greenhouse farmers‘ responses to policies that would affect prices of different energy inputs. The...

Horticultural firms are dependent on energy to produce, while policy makers focus on reducingthe use of energy and investment in energy-saving technologies. The paper aimed to assesDutch greenhouse farmers‘ responses to policies that would affect prices of different energyinputs. The...

This paper elaborates on the effects of a rise in energy costs for Dutch glasshouse horticultural producers. The effects on production, bilateral trade and consumption in 25 European countries plus Morocco, Turkey and the Rest of the World, are estimated using a version of the HORTUS partial...

Dutch greenhouse horticultural firms are energy-intensive and major emitters of greenhouse gases. This paper develops a theoretically consistent model that is able to describe the greenhouse firms` behaviour regarding energy use and investments in energy technology. The behaviour of the firm is...

This report describes the economics and data structure of the HORTUS partial equilibrium supply and demand model developed at LEI. HORTUS can be used to simulate the effects of policy changes and exogenous changes in costs, production and consumer trends on the production, trade and consumption...