Addressing the growing concerns of climate change necessitates the decarbonisation of energy sectors globally. The heating sector is the largest energy end-use, accounting for almost half of the total energy consumption in most countries. This paper presents an extensive review of previous works...

Recent work has shown that for high-penetration renewable electricity systems, it is less expensive to install higher capacity of renewables and to allow generation to exceed load during some hours, rather than to build so much storage that all electricity can be used to meet electrical load....

Large district heating (DH) system accounts for 70% of urban building heating in China. In North China, this proportion is even higher (The North China is the north of the Huai River and Qinling Mountains). Many cities in North China can exploit various kinds of low-grade renewable energy. This...

The physical placement of buildings is important when determining the potential for DH (district heating). Good locations for DH are mainly determined by having both a large heat demand within a certain area and having access to local heat resources. In recent years, the locations of buildings...