[eng] Structural problems, worsened by the oil shocks, called during the 70's for adjustments that made some degree of recession necessary. But all through the decade, economic policies followed in industrialised countries enabled economic agents to avoid these necessities by increasingly...

[fre] La phase de récession qui a suivi en Occident le second choc pétrolier aura duré plus de deux ans. Certes moins brutal que le premier, ce choc est advenu dans une situation conjoncturelle moins critique. Mais il a frappé des économies structurellement affaiblies et s'est trouvé...

[fre] Ni franche reprise, ni dépression : l'activité économique mondiale semble, à l'automne 1982, devoir se stabiliser puis effacer lentement les pertes des trimestres récents. Car l'effort d'assainissement que certains pays ont entrepris atteint les autres et les condamne tous à...

[eng] Three different Europes: population and macro-economic behaviour The convergence criteria that were defined in the Maastricht Treaty apply to macro-economic data. But these data depend upon political, social and economic specificities: they can hardly be described as a unique goal,...

[eng] This article presents the evolution of the french economy, quantified by the annual OFCE model (up to 1988) according to three alternative scenarios. The upturn recently observed in OECD countries can hardly be considered a return to expansion. The growth of GDP in OECD countries and that...