Energy intake rates of wintering deer vary over time because of variation in the abundance and quality of their natural foods. Accordingly, there is a chance that energy requirements will not be satisfied in a feeding period. This is especially critical because deer are reproductive during...

Understanding the responses of foragers to patchy distributions of resources has formed a fundamental challenge in behavioral ecology. Two currencies have been used to assess the patch preferences of herbivores--intake rate maximization and risk sensitivity. We wished to understand if small...

Social foraging differs from individual foraging because it alters both resource availability and the forager's behavior. We examined responses of starlings to the presence of conspecifics by manipulating foraging-group density experimentally, while ensuring that each subject's foraging...

In many species, foraging in groups can enhance individual fitness. However, groups are often predicted to be larger than the size that maximizes individual fitness. This is because individual foragers are expected to continue joining a group until the fitness in the group falls to the level...

There is currently considerable interest in the interplay between personal and social information in decision-making processes. Two experiments are presented exploring the relative use of prior personal information and subsequent social information in foraging decisions of guppies. Experiment 1...

Рассмотрены основные экономические аспекты эффективности внедрения ресурсосберегающих технологий в рекреационной сфере. Рассмотрена роль ресурсосберегающих...

The paper analyses, by applying a system of optimization models for cash flow analysis and forecasting, how effective a transfer of a part of the power generating capacities from gas to coal would be. We present a scenario analysis assuming both an increase of a gas export under a deficit of the...

The energy budget of a method to harvest cotton stalks developed and tested in greece is reported in the present paper. The method used conventional hay harvesting machinery. An instrumented tractor was used to measure the energy consumption during the work in the field while literature data...

Cloud microphysical parameters, such as cloud droplet size (r), droplet number concentration (N<SUB align="right"><SMALL>d</SMALL></SUB>) and liquid water content (LWC), play an important role in the energy budgets of clouds, and thus the climate of the earth's atmosphere. The observations were collected during the North Atlantic...</small></sub>

Basic economic aspects of the efficiency of introduction of resource-saving technologies in the recreation area are considered. The role of resource-saving technologies in the overall energy budget of the region with the purpose to protect environment is examined.