Tax expenditures are granted for a variety of purposes in Germany. The paper presents data on the extent and the structure of the tax expenditures in the period 2003 to 2010. Tax expenditures were reduced somewhat in the period 2003–2006. However, they increased again thereafter

Subsidies granted by the German federal government decreased in the 1998–2004 period. Since 2005, subsidies have increased. The transfers to the compulsory health insurance system were raised by very large amounts. Moreover, the subsidies for re-integrating the unemployed were raised. The...

"This paper describes the practical implementation of hiring vouchers in Germany. According to our proposal, employers receive vouchers for hiring long-term unemployed, low-ability workers. Thereby labor costs are reduced for a limited period of time. The size of the vouchers increases with the...

In many countries, fiscal policy became strongly expansionary in order to fight the recession. Structural budget deficits increased sharply and might remain high after the end of the recession. This would raise real interest rates and would impair economic growth. Some measures to reduce the...

We present a proposal for reforming unemployment assistance in Germany through the introduction of unemployment accounts (UAs). Instead of paying taxes that finance the unemployment assistance, employed people make ongoing contributions to their UAs and can make withdrawals from these accounts...

Das reale Bruttoinlandsprodukt nahm in den neunziger Jahren in Deutschland je Jahr um etwa einen halben Prozentpunkt weniger zu als in den übrigen Ländern der Europäischen Währungsunion im Durchschnitt. Ein Teil der „Wachstumslücke“ kann durch Unterschiede der Staatsausgaben in...

This paper describes the practical implementation of hiring vouchers in Germany (Kiel Working Paper 1302 "Comparing the Effectiveness of Employment Subsidies" by Alessio Brown, Christian Merkl and Dennis Snower). According to our proposal employers receive vouchers for hiring longterm...

Tax expenditures are granted for a variety of purposes in Germany. They will be reduced by measures decided upon in December 2003. The paper addresses the problems arising when tax expenditures are to be defined and measured. The extent and the structure of the tax expenditures in the period...

For many years there have been political intentions to harmonize tax rates in Europe. As to capital income taxation, competition is often seen to be especially harmful. Facing a high degree of international capital mobility, every country is expected to reduce its tax rate in order to attract...