Most of the customers of microfinance institutions are female. But do men and women benefit from the same credit conditions? We investigate this issue by presenting an original model and testing its predictions on an exceptional database comprising 34,000 loan applications from a Brazilian...

This article deals with the evolution of the status and role of the delegations of the European Commission in Africa from the 1960s onwards. Starting from an institutionalist approach, it tries to show to what extent this evolution reflects the bureaucratization of the external service (in the...

This paper relates to industrial experience and practical data in wood gasification, gathered in view of the construction of wood waste gasifiers. Two pilot plant gasifiers, coupled to a motor and a D.C. generator, have been erected and pilot tests have started recently. © 1980.

Due to higher oil prices, abundance of labor and suitable land and its stable political climate, Tanzania attracted many investments in Jatropha. Although several studies on Jatropha's economic potential are available, its true economics are still uncertain. This paper aims to add to the growing...

The EU’s stagnation on many innovation indicators led to a number of efforts to spur a turnaround. One of most visible projects has been the Horizon 2020 strategy, which devotes unprecedented levels of funding to the promotion of R&D and innovation. But does this strategy address the right...

Taxation is a fundamental policy instrument in the hands of governments. Yet, it is often used inefficiently. Improving taxation requires reforms, but reforms are often blocked. This article reviews the literature to identify three crucial aspects of Personal Income Taxation (PIT). First, what...

This paper examines the impact of public policy measures on renewable energy (RE) investments in electricity-generating capacity made by institutional investors. Using a novel combination of datasets and a longitudinal research design, we investigate the influence of different policy measures in...