Many studies have underlined the existence of clear and persistent differences in the levels of political interest among European citizens. In this report these differences and developments in political involvement and political apathy are described and analysed, and conventional explanations in...

Codecision is the main EU legislative procedure and the 2007 Reform Treaty draft has adopted it to improve the budgetary process. However, at close examination, codecision and the current budgetary process show an identical structure. Both are designed as non-cooperative alternating offers...

This article considers the problems arising during the judicial review of the budgetary procedure in the European Union. Matters such as the jurisdiction of the ECJ, the identity of the reviewable acts, the standing of all applicants as well as the grounds of review are examined in detail. Some...

The budget represents a complex system of acts and operations that together lead to a financial balance, very important for the state and citizens. The European budget has known many changes by now due to the fact that Union is continuously changing.

This report on the Observance of Standards and Codes on Fiscal Transparency on Bulgaria explains a detailed description of practice. Important areas where Bulgaria meets the code include the consistent use of the consolidated general government as the basis for fiscal policy and reporting; and...

Scholars evaluating national and local budget procedures in Central and Eastern Europe generally advocate a greater role for legislative bodies and citizens. Mature federations and decentralised countries in Western Europe are often cited as prime examples of participatory budgeting which is...