segmented countries, where firms compete in quality and price. The framework is used to analyse governments` incentives for … welfare. Cross-country externalities can be are either positive or negative, depending on the quality of traded goods. Four … inefficiently high or low relative to world optimum symmetric standards and operate as non-tariff barriers to trade. Harmonisation …

A private and a public firm face fixed quality-dependent costs of production and compete first in quality and then … quality ranking. In addition, mixed competition seems to be a more efficient regulatory instrument than the adoption of a … minimum quality standard. …

We study the gains from trade in an economy with oligopolistic competition, firm heterogeneity, and innovation …. Oligopolistic competition together with free entry make markups responsive to firm productivity and trade costs. Lowering trade … trade costs onto foreign consumers. Nevertheless, the downward pressure dominates and the average markup declines, deterring …

We study the gains from trade in a model with oligopolistic competition, heterogeneous firms and innovation, and …-relevant feature of market power above and beyond markup dispersion. Trade liberalisation increases foreign competition and reduces the … increases welfare via productivity improvements. In the calibrated version of the model we show that a trade-induced increase in …

In this paper we aim, first, to examine how an economy's financial development affects the welfare gains from trade and … preferential access to liquidity. To this purpose, we propose a theoretical model of international trade with financial constraints …, which are different between large oligopolists and small monopolistic competitors. We show that trade diminishes the impact …

supermarket industry, where a few powerful chains provide high quality products at low prices. The predictions of this model …, I demonstrate that 1) the same number of high quality firms enter markets of varying sizes and compete side by side for … the same consumers and 2) quality increases with the size of the market. In addition to documenting a local structure of …

culture, and quality upgrading costs, associated to market similarities in income level, are found to be significant. Finally …

, associated to market similarities in geography and culture, and quality upgrading costs, associated to market similarities in …