Despite almost four decades of building the Single European Market (SEM), its architecture remains incomplete, especially in the service sector. For an economic analysis of the SEM, it is necessary to go beyond technical regulations related to the four freedoms and individual sectors. Equally...

Until 2013, Ukraine’s record in reforming its economy and state was not impressive. The late start of reforms in the 1990s and their chaotic implementation led to macroeconomic and financial crises in 1993, 1998-99, 2008-09, and 2014-15, and the building of powerful oligarchic groups. The...

The economic characteristics of the COVID-19 crisis differ from those of previous crises. It is a combination of demand- and supply-side constraints which led to the formation of a monetary overhang that will be unfrozen once the pandemic ends. Monetary policy must take this effect into...