We draw on stylized facts from the finance literature to build a model where altering the relative costs of bank and … both the largest and smallest firms. In contrast, reducing the frictions involved in bank lending promotes the expansion of …---promoting bond issuance causes exit while cheaper bank credit induces entry. When reducing transactions costs in one market, the …

SME loans across foreign, private, and government-owned banks, even though different bank ownership types apply different …

We draw on stylized facts from the finance literature to build a model where altering the relative costs of bank and … both the largest and smallest firms. In contrast, reducing the frictions involved in bank lending promotes the expansion of …---promoting bond issuance causes exit while cheaper bank credit induces entry. When reducing transactions costs in one market, the …

) around the globe, with the focus on alternative finance—financing from all the non-market, non-bank external sources. We …-growing economies. We compare market and bank finance with alternative finance, along with the supporting mechanisms such as legal and …