This paper offers an interpretation of China's nexus of foreign trade and economic growth that centres around technological development. Evidence, mainly related to the performance of the machinery sector, is presented indicating that the phenomenal export expansion is not reducible to a...

We have obtained one unified pricing formula for outside barrier options in a Black Scholes environment. This formula is applicable for all eight types of outside barrier options. To find the value of a particular outside barrier option, we need only to specify three binary operators: up or down...

This article extends the concept of flexible geometric Asian options to flexible arithmetic Asian options (FAAO). It provides an analytical approximation solution for the FAAOs using a method to approximate standard arithmetic Asian options with their corresponding geometric Asian options. The...