Since spatial issues have become more important in economic theory, it is of interest to examine how space is represented. In empirical terms, this concerns at least the representation of distance and proximity. Both of these may be represented and operationalized in a number of ways, with...

Recent advances in the implementation of spatial econometrics model estimation techniques have made it desirable to compare results, which should correspond between implementations across software applications for the same data. These model estimation techniques are associated with methods for...

Investments in infrastructure are often seen as preferred policies for promoting regional growth. It is clear that good infrastructure projects, based on cost-benefit analysis, should show a countercyclical pattern. Being long-term investments, the benefits should be independent of the business...

Computing tasks may be parallelized top-down by splitting into per-node chunks when the tasks permit this kind of division, and particularly when there is little or no need for communication between the nodes. Another approach is to parallelize bottom-up, by the substitution of multi-threaded...

Despite attempts to get around the Jacobian in fitting spatial econometric models by using GMM and other approximations, it remains a central problem for maximum likelihood estimation. In principle, and for smaller data sets, the use of the eigenvalues of the spatial weights matrix provides a...

Recent advances in spatial econometrics model fitting techniques have made it more desirable to be able to compare results and timings. Results should correspond between implementations using different applications, while timings are more readily compared within a single application. A broad...

The objective of this paper is to identify classes of regions presenting different economic situations and apply a join-count test to examine spatial dependences between these classes. The test examines spatial autocorrelation on the basis of qualitative data. The global join-count test...

Ecologists are often interested in studying the relationship between species and the environment, and between changes in the environment and changes in species occurrence. They consider that the spatial scales of the data generating processes for both the environmental and species variables...

The impact of localization and urbanization economies on regional manufacturing development in Poland 1976-96 is assessed in terms of employment and the regional convergence or divergence of the economy. We examine current research on the role of dynamic production externalities in regional...

The work discussed in Bivand and Brunstad (2003) was an attempt to throw light on apparent variability in regional convergence in relation to agriculture as a sector subject to powerful political measures, in Western Europe, 1989 1999. We tried to explore the possibility that some of the...