Over the last years, public smoking bans have been introduced in most European countries. Unlike elsewhere, in Germany … establishments’ sales. In contrast to the largely US-based literature, we find that smoke-free policies had a negative (yet moderate …) effect on establishment sales. Closure rates of businesses in the hospitality industry, however, were not significantly aff …

investigating several recent tobacco control measures in Germany. We find a large negative effect on cigarette sales of a nation … bans to the hospitality industry. Using a unique data set on cigarette sales at more than 100k vending machines that … in federal buildings affected cigarette sales in these premises and only weak evidence that a recent rise in the minimum …

the effects of different types of innovation on four measures of firm performance, viz. sales, labor productivity … show positive effects on sales, labor productivity and employment; the effects on exports are less clear. …