Piotrowski, Edward W; Sładkowski, Jan - In: Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 331 (2004) 1, pp. 233-239
We discuss the time evolution of quotation of stocks and commodities and show that they form an Ising chain. We show that transaction costs induce arbitrage risk that is usually neglected. The full analysis of the portfolio theory is computationally complex but the latest development in quantum...