In this paper, the different market structure options and the broad organisational forms of restructured wholesale markets for electricity that have emerged, have been critically analysed. [Working Paper No. 95]

Long before Independence, the theme on which Gandhiji wrote repeatedly, was the need to improve the status of Indian women. He drew attention to the fact that the woman was ‘not only.... condemned to domestic slavery but when she goes out as a labourer to earn wages though she works harder...

The quantitative and qualitative changes taking place in livestock population over the years would be due to the changes in demand for livestock products. The changes in livestock population and its components would be effected through charges in birth rates, mortality rates and disposed rates...

Organisations are accepted as an instrument to provide collective strength, or greater bargaining power, or to articulate the voice of an interest group. They may also be recognised as a constituency, to ensure representative of that section in local, national or inter-national deliberative bodies.

Even as a case can be made out for public spending on elementary education, its link with enrolment rates does not appear strong. However, once efficiency and demand-side factors are accounted for, public spending is seen to make an impact on the rate of enrolment and quality of education as...

This paper examines various measures of synchronization of recessions, including clustering of the onset of recession across economies, proportion of economies in expansion and the diffusion index of international coincident indexes, and shows that the recent global recession was possibly the...

Against the backdrop of policy of reservation of seats in Higher Education for the Other Backward Castes in India, this paper examines two inter-related yet distinct issues: (i) the use of economic criteria for assessing the backwardness of different social groups and (ii) assessment of fairness...

This paper speaks to companies seeking practical ways to alleviate global poverty. The private sector has several inherent competitive advantages to bring to bear in this effort through which they can enhance their impact – both to themselves and to their intended beneficiaries. Based on...

This paper reviews the evolution of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and provides estimates of past trends and future projections of AIDS mortality indicators, including numbers of AIDS deaths, the proportion of all deaths that are due to AIDS, and life expectancy. In 2007, a total of 2.0 million men,...

Technology transfer costs have a profound influence on the firm’s entry mode into a production sharing relationship. To explore this nexus, they associate technological complexity of the off-shored input with the organizational mode of international production sharing by extending the Antràs...