The paper aims to measure transaction costs and its effects on labor market participation and on wage earnings. The observed differences between between buying and selling prices of rice across households are used to calculate transaction costs indices for villages which are incorporated into...

This paper examines, within the new growth theory framework, the contribution of international technological spillovers using panel data for eleven Asian countries over the period 1970-93. A country's productivity growth is shown to depend not only on its domestic R&D investment but also on the...

Recent research has shown that there appears to be real opportunities for less developed countries to obtain high yields to their investments in technoogy licensing agreements. Using a unique data set on all foreign technology licensing agreements entered into by India's largest 485 private...

This paper reviews econommic studies of rice research programs and attempts to identify the contributions of rice varietal improvement to changes in rice productivity. I also report some new work specifically addressed to the contributions of genetic resources to the production of rice varieties.

Biodiversity has become economically important. Most general biologists focus on diversity across species, and within-species classification is given little attention by taxonomists. But to agriculturalists the latter is vital, because plant and animal breeding depends on within-species...

This paper document research and development spillovers between nations and between industries, discussing some theoretical and measurement issues. A new technique makes patent data more practical for economic uses, allowing analysis of the industries of manufacture and sectors of use for...

This paper tests whether structural change in US agriculture is an important channel to TFP growth and evaluate the relative impcat of (i) public research and education policies, (ii) private R&D and market forces, and (iii) government farm programs on structural change.

This paper provides a basis for both the base case projections and an important policy simulation dealing with the diffusion of biotechlogy to developing countries