Air pollution was severe in many urban areas of the United States in the first half of the twentieth century, in part due to the burning of bituminous coal for heat. We estimate the effects of this bituminous coal consumption on mortality rates in the U.S. during the mid-20th century. Coal...

Air pollution was severe in many urban areas of the United States in the first half of the twentieth century, in part due to the burning of bituminous coal for heat. We estimate the effects of this bituminous coal consumption on mortality rates in the U.S. during the mid 20th century. Coal...

The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) was associated with a population shift in the United States in the 1930s. Evaluating the relationship between the AAA and the incidence of malaria can therefore offer important lessons regarding the broader consequences of demographic changes. Using a...

We investigate the impact of Canada’s means-tested and universal public pension programs on the mortality rates of recipient age groups for the period 1921–1966. We find that only the universal program significantly reduced recipient age group mortality rates. The implied social value of the...

Modern labor studies consider the relationship between wages and biological markers. A relevant historical question is the relationship between occupational status and biological markers. This study demonstrates that 19th century stature and BMIs were significant in Texas occupation selection;...

Etwa 52 Millionen Menschen verließen im 19. Jahrhundert Europa, 32 Million davon in Richtung USA. Dabei stellten Deutsche zwischen 1850 und 1890 die zahlenmäßig größte Gruppe unter ihnen. Viele dieser Personen waren qualifizierte Fachkräfte, die mithalfen, die noch junge und wachsende...

Etwa 52 Millionen Menschen verließen im 19. Jahrhundert Europa, 32 Million davon in Richtung USA. Dabei stellten Deutsche zwischen 1850 und 1890 die zahlenmäßig größte Gruppe unter ihnen. Viele dieser Personen waren qualifizierte Fachkräfte, die mithalfen, die noch junge und wachsende...

During the early days of professional baseball, the dominant major leagues imposed a “reserve clause” designed to limit player wages by restricting competition for labor. Entry into the market by rival leagues challenged the incumbent monopsony cartel's ability to restrict compensation....

The nation's best known welfare program, Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) was created to give widows and destitute mothers the means to stay at home and care for children. However, the entry of large numbers of American mothers into the paid workforce has created increasing tension...

This article present a case study of the historical causes of interregional differentials in labour productivity which played, and still continues to play, an important role in explaining interregional and international differences in the amount of goods and services available per person....