We consider a special case of Schmutzler's and Goulder''s (1997) analysis of output taxes vs emission taxes as environmental policy instruments. We identify new necessary conditions for the existence of an optimum. We also show that, in this case, it is always optimal to have a mixed tax with...

This article explores farmer’s decisions regarding the expansion of organic farming through intensive input use and the degree of in-house organic fertilizer production. Using a theoretical synthesis of two strands of the scholarly literature, namely pro-environmental norms and the...