The increase in the power of photovoltaic systems involves a significant grow in the number of modules that make them up. The known problems caused by the shading are not usually taken into account in the design of a photovoltaic central away from urban environments. The aims of this study are...

The Input-Output model has made extensive use of graph and network theory, methods and conclusions, in order to carry out structural analysis; such extensions have yielded powerful insights on the relationships existing between industries in an economic system. It is customary in the field to...

This paper presents a simulation model for bi-directional pedestrian behavior. Guide effect and press effect performed by pedestrians with same direction, and contain effect performed by opposite pedestrians were considered as potential effects. Potential field was defined to simulate the...

The mixed bicycle flow refers to the bicycle flow containing electric bicycles. The traffic characteristics data of the mixed bicycle flow was collected by the virtual coil method in Nanjing and Ningbo, China. And the speed–density characteristics of the mixed bicycle flow with different...

This study examines the motivation behind contracts and vertical integration in the pork industry, and simulates the effects of potential improvements in coordination. Incentives related to lowering costs of measuring and sorting hogs, and protecting against opportunistic behavior associated...

Graham (1996b) tested proxies for the marginal tax rate and derived a number of important results. This paper re-examines two factors raised by Graham's work: the impact of tax regulations on proxy performance, and the presence of bias in proxy construction. Simulation methods create a simple...

We analyze the expected effects of building a rail tunnel between Lyon and Turin on i) the market shares of the established and the new suppliers, and ii) consumer surplus. The prospective project consists of a 53km rail tunnel providing freight shippers with a new alpine path. We calibrate an...

Promotion programs that subsidize advertising for exported agricultural products continue to be used despite much criticism that they are an inefficient use of taxpayer money. At the same time, others have advocated for an increase in funds to support domestic advertising for fruits and...

A simulation model representing a north central U.S. corn and soybean farm was used to estimate the degree of financial risk borne by the tenant and the landlord under 10 different types of flexible cash leases. Probability distributions for yields, prices, and production costs were...

Since 2000, approximately $50 million per year has been spent to control infestations of the Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter (GWSS), an insect that spreads Pierce’s Disease (PD). This amount includes the costs of state and federal efforts to monitor and control the GWSS, research on PD/GWSS,...