Precisely quantifying the heterogeneity or disorder of network systems is important and desired in studies of behaviors and functions of network systems. Although various degree-based entropies have been available to measure the heterogeneity of real networks, heterogeneity implicated in the...

This article proposes a new model to measure the risk appetite in absence of option prices. Without options transaction, traditional measurements cannot be made. This article establishes a Risk Appetite (RA) indicator by way of change measure and simulation, with two density functions, i.e....

This research investigated the link between ethical leadership and performance using data from the People's Republic of China. Consistent with social exchange, social learning, and social identity theories, we examined leader-member exchange (LMX), self-efficacy, and organizational...

Analytical tractability is one of the challenges faced by many alternative models that try to generalize the Black-Scholes option pricing model to incorporate more empirical features. The aim of this paper is to extend the analytical tractability of the Black-Scholes model to alternative models...

Quantitative trait loci mapping is focused on identifying the positions and effect of genes underlying an observed trait. We present a collaborative targeted maximum likelihood estimator in a semi-parametric model using a newly proposed 2-part super learning algorithm to find quantitative trait...

This paper investigates how rural families in China use marital and post-marital transfers to compensate their sons for unequal schooling expenditures. Using a common behavioral framework, we derive two methods for estimating the relationship between parental transfers and schooling investments:...