This paper studies the relationship between lobbying, free emission allowance allocation and firm outcomes in the European Union Emissions Trading System (ETS). I draw on administrative data from the EU Transpareny Register (TR) and the European Union Transaction Log (EUTL), and construct a...

This study sheds new light on the question of whether or not sentiment surveys, and the expectations derived from them, are relevant to forecasting economic growth and stock returns, and whether they contain information that is orthogonal to macroeconomic and financial data. I examine 16...

Clustered covariances or clustered standard errors are very widely used to account for correlated or clustered data, especially in economics, political sciences, or other social sciences. They are employed to adjust the inference following estimation of a standard least-squares regression or...

This paper addresses the public and regulatory discussions on whether firms use derivatives to reduce or increase risk. The investigation is carried out to see whether firms hedge or speculate with derivatives by using a regression quantitative analysis of a sample of 433 firm quarters of 31...

Cluster-robust inference is widely used in modern empirical work in economics and many other disciplines. The key unit of observation is the cluster. We propose measures of "high-leverage" clusters and "influential" clusters for linear regression models. The measures of leverage and partial...

Cluster-robust inference is widely used in modern empirical work in economics and many other disciplines. The key unit of observation is the cluster. We propose measures of "high-leverage" clusters and "influential" clusters for linear regression models. The measures of leverage and partial...