The efficient market hypothesis gives rise to forecasting tests that mirror those adopted when testing the optimality of a forecast in the context of a given information set. However, there are also important differences arising from the fact that market efficiency tests rely on establishing...

The methods used in long‐range prediction include causal models and regression on leading variables, but one method which is generally worth considering is the fitting of trend lines. It is the object of this paper to present simple techniques for fitting these lines.

Introduction A product may be called new for two reasons: either because it is a novelty in the fullest sense of the word, intended to cater for a hitherto latent demand, or merely because it is a new brand, which will have to compete with a number of other brands in an established market.

This groundbreaking series brings together a critical selection of key papers by the Nobel Memorial Laureates in Economics that have helped shape the development and present state of economics. The editors have organised this comprehensive series by theme and each volume focuses on those...