Bhattari, Salil; Lyne, Michael; Martin, Sandra - New Zealand Agricultural and Resource Economics Society … - 2013
based on Transaction Cost Economics. The analysis included a cross-case comparison to identify the effects of exogenous … chain attributes on the channels available to smallholders. Informal market trading was the only form of smallholder … had ever engaged in either spot markets or conventional contracts in these chains. Although the informal market channel …