Purpose – The purpose of this paper is try to answer the following question: to which extent the observed location pattern is driven by network effects or by traditional location factors, like the structure and behaviour of the local labour market, housing market, public goods, and local tax...

In 2008, the spatial distribution of French research activities showed a polarized structure with two important agglomerations formed around Ile de France and Rhone-Alpes. A spatial analysis is here proposed to investigate the extent to which technology-specific innovation patterns are...

This article focuses on an apparent conflict between the standard trade theory and available empirical evidence on factor flows. Theoretically, labor and capital flows must be substitutes. However, empirical papers find migration and FDI to be either substitutes or complements, depending upon...