[fre] La réorientation des échanges des pays en transition vers l'Union européenne pose deux questions. Les niveaux d'échanges déjà atteints seront-ils dépassés ? Comment le degré de spécialisation va-t-il évoluer ? Les modèles de gravitation en panel apportent des réponses. Le...

[eng] Two opposite forces determine the intensity of bilateral trade between countries : an attractive force (country size and income) and a repulsive force (distance and other barriers to trade). Building on a now well-established theoretical basis and minimum data requirements, gravity...

[eng] Direct Investment and French Firms France's direct investment has shot up since the mid-1 980s. The OECD reports that France was the, number four investment recipient country and the number five investor country in 1997. France starting catching up in the second half of the 1 980s and is...