The link between openness and income has received increasing attention as countries try to justify their trade-promoting policies. Recent work of Frankel & Romer (1999) examines the effect of trade on income. We explore how the estimates of the trade effect change when we relax their assumption...

German federal law has increased the potential duration of maternity leave five times since 1985. A theoretical model is presented that demonstates that the return to work hazard rate declines a potential increases and the cumulative return probability a potential duration cannot decline unless...

In 1986 German federal parental leave and benefit policy was expanded in several ways, extending the potential duration of leave from six to ten months and paying child-rearing benefits to all new mothers regardless of their employment status before childbirth. The potential duration has...