Urbanization, Sanitation, and Mortality in the Progressive Era, 1899-1929 -- The Continuing Puzzle of Hypertension among African Americans: Developmental Origins and the Mid-century Socioeconomic Transformation -- Health and Safety vs. Freedom of Contract: The Tortured Path of Wage and Hours...

Isolated Shaker communal farms stressed self-sufficiency as an ideal but carefully chose which goods to buy and sell in external markets and which to produce and consume themselves. We use records of hog slaughter weights to investigate the extent to which the Shakers incorporated market-based...

In our late twentieth century experience, survival of an economy seems critically dependent on well established rights to private property and a return to labor that rewards greater effort. But that need not be so. History provides examples of micro-socialist economies that internally, at least,...

When the Shakers established communal farms in the Ohio Valley, they encountered a new agricultural environment that was substantially different from the familiar soils, climates, and markets of New England and the Hudson Valley. The ways in which their response to these new conditions differed...