The recent mobile money innovation has experienced strong development and has been a key tool for financial inclusion in sub-Saharan Africa. Even holders of formal financial accounts have adopted it widely. Based on a sample of 6,891 households in the West African Economic and Monetary Union...

This paper examines the relationship between FDI inflows and welfare improvement in North African countries. Using net per capita FDI inflows and the UNDP's HDI as the principal variables, our analyses confirm the positive and strongly significant relationship between net FDI inflows and welfare...

This study identifies the factors affecting the ratings assigned to Canadian firms by the rating agency Standard and Poor's, and proposes a multinomial logit model to predict ratings. We first propose a two-class model which classifies ratings as either investment or speculative grade. We then...

This paper studies the causal relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and financial market development (FMD) using panel data from emerging markets. Most studies of the relationship between FDI and FMD have focused on the role of FMD in the link between FDI and economic growth, with...