This article introduces a new matrix approach, based on pairwise income comparisons, to decompose the Atkinson-Plotnick-Kakwani re-ranking measure when income units are gathered into groups. As it is known the Atkinson-Plotnick-Kakwani re-ranking measure is defined by the difference between the...

Given the demographic structure of the population of the European countries, this paper examines how gender gaps in earned and non-earned income contribute to explain between household income inequality. We show that this impact depends not only on the existing gender gaps but also on the way...