Causal inference requires estimation of counterfactual outcomes. Given panel data, it is customary to use unit- and time-specific information to impute counterfactuals. Additive unit and time fixed effects are often used, but a rapidly growing literature has introduced alternative methods to...

We conducted a field experiment that randomized advertisements, advertisement content, and prices across 2,204 counties in the United States to study the impacts on online purchases of naloxone, an opioid overdose reversal drug. Advertising increased website users but only impacted purchases...

This paper introduces a new framework for quantile estimation. Quantile regression techniques have proven to be extremely valuable in understanding the relationship between explanatory variables and the conditional distribution of the outcome variable. Quantile regression allows the effect of...

Unconditional quantile treatment effects are difficult to estimate in the presence of fixed effects. Panel data are frequently used because fixed effects or differences are necessary to identify the parameters of interest. The inclusion of fixed effects or differencing of data, however,...

Many economic applications have found quantile models useful when the explanatory variables may have varying impacts throughout the distribution of the outcome variable. Traditional quantile estimators provide conditional quantile treatment effects. Typically, we are interested in unconditional...

An emerging literature on international activities of heterogeneous firms documents that exporting firms are more productive than firms that only sell on the national market. This positive exporter productivity premium shows up in a large number of empirical studies after controlling for...

The link between taxes and occupational choices is central for understanding the welfare impacts of income taxes. Just as taxes distort the labor-leisure decision, they also distort the wage-amenity decision. Yet, there are no estimates of the full response on this margin. When tax rates...

An emerging literature on international activities of heterogeneous firms documents that exporting firms are more productive than firms that only sell on the national market. This positive exporter productivity premium shows up in a large number of empirical studies after controlling for...

The link between taxes and occupational choices is central for understanding the welfare impacts of income taxes. Just as taxes distort the labor-leisure decision, they may also distort the wage-amenity decision. Yet, there have been few studies on the full response along this margin. When tax...

This paper studies the impact of income and payroll taxes on intensive and extensive labor supply decisions for workers ages 55-74 using the Health and Retirement Study. The literature provides little guidance about the responsiveness of this population to tax incentives, though the tax code is...