The effect of retirement on economic welfare, indirectly measured by income, has not been studied widely, namely due to the lack of longitudinal data. A large literature exists about poverty in old age, mainly based on cross sectional survey data, but usually those studies are not able to study...

This paper analyzes the early retirement decisions made by Portuguese workers aged 50 to 64. It investigates the main characteristics of early retirees, and the main determinants of their decision, based on the eight waves of the European Community Household Panel for Portugal, from 1994 to...

Poverty is not a gender neutral condition as the number of poor women exceeds that concerning men and women and men experience poverty in distinctive ways. This paper discusses the relevance of incorporating a gender perspective in poverty studies and provides a portrait of poverty among women...