Valuation adjustments, collectively named XVA, play an important role in modern derivatives pricing. XVA are an exotic pricing component since they require the forward simulation of multiple risk factors in order to compute the portfolio exposure including collateral, leading to a significant...

This paper aims to find the effectiveness of Cryptocurrency on well-formed portfolio with assets like Commodities, Exchange Traded Fund (ETFs), Stock assets and currency value of INR. There are several ways to determine the effectiveness in diversification. In this paper we use SOLVER, Modern...

This paper models how chatroom traders, forming a coalition via social media platforms, influence the stock price in the presence of large and strategic short sellers. The economic consequences of this dynamic game are studied in a micro-founded quasi-competitive equilibrium framework, which is...

We propose a measure of investors' climate sentiment by performing sentiment analysis on StockTwits posts on climate change and global warming. We find that when investors' climate sentiment is high, emission stocks are relatively overpriced. Moreover, we show that an increase in carbon prices...

Cryptocurrencies provide the ideal and natural experimental setting to test the local martingale theory of bubbles, because they have no cash flows. Using this theory, we test for the existence of price bubbles in eight cryptocurrencies from January 1, 2019 to July 17, 2019. The cryptocurrencies...

This paper develops a formula to numerically estimate the unsubsidized, fair-market value of the toxic assets purchased with Federal Reserve loans. It finds that subsidy rates on these loans were on average 33.9 percent at origination. In contrast, by the 3rd quarter of the 2010, there was on...

XVA models for the calculation of CVA, FVA (see for example (Burgard and Kjaer 2013)), KVA(Green, Kenyon, and Dennis 2014), MVA (Green and Kenyon 2014) and TVA (Kenyon and Green 2014a) have frequently been formulated at the counterparty level. However, it is clear that some elements of the...

Credit risk may be warehoused by choice, or because of limited hedging possibilities. Credit risk warehousing increases capital requirements and leaves open risk. Open risk must be priced in the physical measure, rather than the risk neutral measure, and implies profits and losses. Furthermore...

This paper examines transaction costs and liquidity in the index CDS market by matching intraday quotes to real-time trade reports made available through the Dodd-Frank reforms. We find that the average relative effective spread is 0.27% of price level or 2.73% of CDS spread. Dodd-Frank does...

Contingent Convertibles ("CoCos") are contingent capital instruments which convert into shares, or have a principal write down, if a trigger event takes place. CoCos exhibit the undesirable so-called "death-spiral effect": by actively hedging the equity risk, investors can (unintentionally)...