important. Designation plays a different role in high income neighborhoods than in poorer areas. Denver exhibited the somewhat … surprising finding that designation is more effective at provoking rising incomes in high income areas than in low income areas …

Why do high-income black households live in neighborhoods with characteristics similar to those of low-income white … households? We find that neighborhood sorting by income and race cannot be explained by financial constraints: High-income, high …-wealth black households live in similar-quality neighborhoods as low-income, low-wealth white households. We provide evidence that …

. Compared to their neighbors with the same occupation and income score at baseline, program participants earned 4 percent more …