This paper explores the role of trade instruments in globally efficient climate policies, focusing on the central issue of whether border tax adjustment (BTA) is warranted when carbon prices differ internationally. It shows that tariff policy has a role in easing cross-country distributional...

There is a widespread concern that a greater mobility of individuals can undermine any attempt to redistribute income at the local level. In this paper we derive the equilibrium level of redistribution when both the rich and the poor are mobile (although in different degrees) and when each...

This note argues that when two countries choose optimal tariffs in a trade war, specific tariffs are not equivalent to ad valorem tariffs even if all markets are competitive. In particular, it shows that if a country's trading partener switches a specific tariff to an an valorem tariff that...

In previous studies, measures of technical inefficiency derived from stochastic production frontiers have been estimated from residuals which are sensitive to specification errors. This study corrects for this inaccuracy by extending the doubly heteroscedastic stochastic cost frontier suggested...

As one of the cornerstones of Islamic economics, zakat has been given little attention in Islamic economics literature. Both theoretical and empirical studies are scarce, and thus this paper is an attempt to initiate discussion on the realities of the practice of zakat in the Muslim world. It is...

Little attention has been given to the effects of functional form mis-specification on the estimation of stochastic frontier models and to the possibility of using backpropagation neural netwok as a flexible functional form to approximate the production or cost functions. This paper has two main...

Mikhail (1972a) found that estimated 2SLS biases, obtained through simulation using antithetic variables and control variate methods, were closer to each other than to Nagar's bias approximation to order T-1. As remarked by Kiviet and Phillips (1996), this result represents one of a very small...

The optimal audit policy is analysed for an independent revenue service when a social custom exists that rewards honest tax-paying. The implication of the existence of the social custom is that in equilibrium the income level of a taxpayer cannot always be inferred exactly from their report. The...

A number of papers have reported evidence that cross-section stock returns can be explained by the ration of the book value of complanies' assets to their market value. The unresolved issue, which we address here, is whether this evidence is consistent with the efficient markets hypothesis. We...

We study all-pay auctions with variable rewards under incomplete information. In standard models, a reward depends on a bidder!s privately known type; however, in our model it is also a function of his bid. We show that in such models there is a potential for paradoxical behavior where a...