This paper contributes to the debate on the causes of unemployment in interwar Germany. It applies the Layard …, combined with nominal inertia in the labour market, were important in explaining unemployment. In addition real wage pressures … due to the political processes of wage determination were a major influence on unemployment. Negative demand shocks appear …

This paper contributes to the debate on the causes of unemployment in interwar Germany. It applies the Layard …, combined with nominal inertia in the labour market, were important in explaining unemployment. In addition real wage pressures … due the political processes of wage determination were a major influence on unemployment. Negative demand shocks appear to …

The economic crisis in the early 1990s brought about a dramatic increase in unemployment and a similar decrease in … labor force participation. Unemployment declined afterwards, but stabilized at around 6-7% - more than twice as high as … before the crisis. Today, the unemployment rate is lower than the EU average, though Sweden no longer stands out in this …

world, it was not spared from the effects of the 2008 global financial crisis. The economy has not recovered and employment …

they joined the establishment from unemployment This is supportive of equal treatment. We also show that a four parameter … series properties and co-properties of real wages, output, and unemployment, in particular the asymmetric response of wages …

Switzerland is a small country with rich cultural and geographic diversity. The Swiss unemployment rate is low, at …. However, challenges do exist, particularly related to earnings and employment gaps between foreign and native workers, as well … as a narrowing but persistent gender pay gap. Additionally, regional differences in unemployment are significant. …

Switzerland is a small country with rich cultural and geographic diversity. The Swiss unemployment rate is low, at only … resiliency. However, challenges do exist, particularly related to earnings and employment gaps among foreign and native workers …, as well as a narrowing but persistent gender pay gap. Additionally, regional differences in unemployment are significant. …