This paper analyses the impact of recessions and booms on firm performance. We look at 70,000 firms in over 100 countries between 1986 and 2014 and document the trends in firm entry over the business cycle. Our paper confirms some standard facts about firm dynamics: employment growth is...

Europe and the European Union are close in values, in culture and in attitudes. Yet the EU has made little attempt to jointly reinforce the emotional attachment to Europe. Member States stress their differences in national identity through education and language. When the EU made the borderlines...

Globalization has significantly changed the composition and structure of emerging economies, which has in turn reallocated factors across various economic activities. In this context, this study examines the sources of labor reallocation or structural change, and measures and empirically...

The purpose of this study is to examine gold price in global markets. We introduce gold into a general dynamic equilibrium growth model with multiple countries and free trades between countries. The model is developed by integrating the Solow growth model, the Uzawa two-sector growth model, and...

Italy has yet to recover from the economic consequences of the financial and sovereign debt crisis that began more than a decade ago. In addition to losing 1.4 million jobs across the manufacturing and construction sectors, new industries driving growth across the EU, such as knowledge-intensive...

Italien hat sich gut zehn Jahre nach der Finanz- und Staatsschuldenkrise nicht von deren wirtschaftlichen Folgen erholt. Verantwortlich sind zum einen die traditionellen Wachstumstreiber Italiens, nämlich das verarbeitende Gewerbe und der Bausektor, die beide einen Rückgang von jeweils 700 000...

This paper explores the real exchange rate (RER)-economic growth relationship for a wide sample of countries over the period 1960-2009. After removing influential observations, the system-GMM estimates suggest a positive link between an undervalued RER and growth in non-industrial countries,...

In this paper, we empirically investigate the causal nexus between economic growth (GDP), CO2 emissions (environmental degradation), financial development, and trade openness using the ordinary least squares technique for a yearly panel data of 40 European economies, during the period of study...

The increasing inconsistency in the Turkish economy gave rise to transformations necessitated by the manner of its growth and technological changes. Between 1923 and 1962, the Turkish economy was based on agricultural growth strategies, which spurred development in the manufacturing sector and...

We carry out a classical development accounting exercise using data from the 'Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies' (PIAAC). PIAAC data, available for 30 upper-middle and high-income countries and nationally representative for the working-age population, allow us to...