This paper defines a new measure of economic distance. Using consistent cross-country data, we estimate local unit costs for 35 sectors in 40 countries. The distance between two countries is the largest percentage difference in unit costs among all sectors. If all goods are traded, this distance...

A basic two-country, single commodity model is considered to formulate the interactive and retaliative policies with regard to restrictions on foreign investment and labor migration. We model quota retaliations using the contingent threat situation. Under three different strategic environments,...

A simple model of international debt is formulated in strategic form game, where a country in financial crisis and on the verge of default is requesting a new loan. On the other hand, a bank, with exposure to the foreign country's debt, contemplates whether it should issue the new loan. We show...

This paper defines a new measure of economic distance. Using consistent cross-country data, we estimate local unit costs for 35 sectors in 40 countries. The distance between two countries is the largest percentage difference in unit costs among all sectors. If all goods are traded, this distance...