We find a strong and robust credit penalty effect on heavily-polluting firms of the 2012 'Green Credit Guidelines' (GCG) of China. Heavily polluting firms' access to both short-term and long-term bank credit reduces dramatically. We also find some evidence of a credit rewarding effect —...

The injection and spray characteristics of diesel and gasoline blends are investigated on a common rail injection system. The injection rate, fuel spray evolution process (tip penetration distance, spray cone angle, projected spray area and relative brightness intensity contour) and microscopic...

This paper deals with a class of backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs in short). Under a kind of non-Lipschitz assumptions, the authors obtain the existence and uniqueness of solution to BSDE.